FDA Authorizes First Test to Identify Emerging Pathogen

The FDA recently authorized the first test to identify the emerging pathogenCandida auris (C. auris), which can cause serious infections in hospitalized patients.C. aurisis a yeast that can cause serious infections in hospitalized patients (e.g., bloodstream infections) and is frequently resistant to multiple antifungal drugs used to treat Candida infections.

In its authorization announced earlier this month, the FDA specifically permitted marketing for a new use of the Bruker MALDI Biotyper CA system for the identification ofC. auris. The system uses a technology known as matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry in combination with a reference organism database. Microorganisms cultured from patient samples are ionized by the laser to produce an organism spectrum, which is matched to the reference organism database for proper identification. Availability of a device that reliably identifies a wide-range of pathogens is important for the timely identification of microorganisms associated with emerging outbreaks and also improves laboratory productivity and patient care.

The new authorization adds to the system’s previously cleared uses for the identification of 333 species or species groups, which covers 424 clinically relevant bacteria and yeast species.

“Although mass spectrometry technology has been a powerful scientific tool since the 1980s, it is only within that the last 5 years that it has been effectively used for the identification of microbiological organisms and is now a widely recognized standard of practice for clinical laboratories,” said Donald St. Pierre, acting director of the Office of In Vitro Diagnostics and Radiological Health in the FDA’s Center for Devices and Radiological Health, in a press release. “The FDA has confidence in this technology and recognizes the need to rapidly address outbreaks both forC. aurisand for other pathogenic microorganisms to help protect Americans through the recognition and identification of emerging infectious pathogens.”

In addition, the FDA plans to propose to exempt certain mass spectrometry microorganism identification system processes from an additional premarket review after a system process receives a first-time FDA marketing authorization (e.g., 510(k) clearance). A proposed exemption of this kind would further meet the need for updates to device-specific organism databases and enable these mass spectrometry devices to expand their microorganism identification capabilities in the least burdensome manner.

The FDA evaluated the use of a standard protocol for addingC. auristo the Bruker MALDI Biotyper CA system database in conjunction with the performance data of 28C. aurisisolates, and other supporting analytical studies. Findings indicated that the system can reliably identifyC. auris100 percent of the time. Risks associated with use of the system may include no identification or misidentification of a microorganism.C.aurisisolates were obtained from various culture collections, including the CDC’s and the FDA’s Antibiotic Resistance Isolate Bank.

The FDA granted marketing authorization to Bruker Daltonik GmbH earlier this month. The action was taken through the De Novo premarket review pathway, a regulatory pathway for novel, low-to-moderate-risk devices that are not substantially equivalent to an already legally marketed device.

Reference

Candida auris

FDA authorizes new use of test, first to identify the emerging pathogen[news release]. Silver Spring, MD; FDA website; April 20, 2018. https://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm605336.htm. Accessed April 25, 2018.